| 摘要: | 本文透過《金剛經講話》，窺探星雲大師與其教團僧信四眾，如何實踐《金剛經》般若觀的「破執」與「顯正」，體現於其人間佛教五大洲的弘法之道。星雲大師《金剛經講話》的破執之道，是以「破我執」超越煩惱生死根本、以我為中心的狹隘，離於四相，而成就「無我」；以「破法執」消泯人們對諸法實有的妄執、行者對法的偏執，成就「法性平等」法無定法的融通；以「破空執」掃蕩行者在我、法二空後卻樂著小果、偏空的執著，透過我、法、空三執盡除而成就人間「菩提行」。透過《金剛經講話》「顯正之道」，在佛陀人人本具佛性的宣言中，以「無我」自然成就更為開闊的「無我度生」菩提行；以體達「法性平等」而超墨守成規之傳統，體現應機度眾、普濟群倫的弘法方式；以「破空執」實踐出入世調和、無有偏頗之中道，體現「無住生心」的方便弘法。《金剛經講話》是星雲大師人間佛教思想的熔爐，透過本書層層「破」與「立」的詮釋，窺見人間佛教的弘法，真正將《金剛經》般若慧用體現於佛光山教團五大洲的弘法事業，在以人為本的佛陀本懷中，真正續佛慧命，令正法久住世間。
Through textual analysis of Describing the Indescribable: A Discourse on the Diamond Sutra, this research explores how Venerable Master Hsing Yun and the Fo Guang Shan Order actualizes the prajna wisdom of “refuting wrong views” and “revealing right views” as demonstrated in the Diamond Sutra and its manifestation in the propagation of Humanistic Buddhism. “Refuting wrong views”—as demonstrated in Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Describing the Indescribable: A Discourse on the Diamond Sutra—involves three aspects. First, refutation of the view of the self allows one to transcend the root of cyclic existence and self-centeredness, which leads to one being free from the four marks and achieving the state of “non-self.” Second, refutation of the view of phenomena can correct one's false view of substantial phenomena and lessen one's attachment to the Dharma, which results in equality, non-obstruction, and interpenetration of the Dharma. Third, refutation of the view of emptiness eliminates one's tendency (gained after realizing the emptiness of self and phenomena) to lean towards the lesser vehicle and nihilism. The humanistic “bodhisattva's way of life” is achieved through the refutation of the views of self, phenomena, and emptiness. “Revealing right views,”—as demonstrated in Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Describing the Indescribable: A Discourse on the Diamond Sutra—also involves three aspects. First, the truth of “non-self” is interpreted through the idea of universal buddha nature; therefore, the “bodhisattva's way of life” naturally becomes broader. Second, the truth of “equality of thusness” allows one to transcend traditions as well as propagate the Dharma universally and that accords with the aptitudes of sentient beings. Third, the truth of “refuting the view of nihilism” harmonizes the mundane and supramundane and avoids any extremes, which demonstrates “non-abiding” as skillful means in Dharma propagation. Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Describing the Indescribable: A Discourse on the Diamond Sutra is a comprehensive guide to Humanistic Buddhism. Through each refutation and revelation, this research characterizes Dharma propagation in Humanistic Buddhism, which is to apply the Diamond Sutra's prajna wisdom in the international Dharna propagation undertakings of the Fo Guang Shan Order. The humanistic approach—an inherent Buddhist value—will ensure the continuation of the Buddha's teachings and the abidance of the right Dharma. |
