| 摘要: | 背景與目的：近年來隨著經濟成長、醫學發達且衛生環境改善等因素，人的壽命越來越長，人口老齡化成為目前全球共同面臨的問題。若老化是人生中不可或缺的自然組成部分，人們是否可以在生命早期建立均衡的飲食及運動習慣來擁有良好的身心狀態以達到健康老化的目的，進而擁有良好的生活品質及幸福的老年生活。因此，本研究旨在探討台灣地區中年人的飲食及運動習慣與生活品質及幸福感間的相關性。 材料及方法：本研究採橫斷性問卷研究方式，於民國111年06月15日至111年09月30日期間，公開招募台灣地區年滿45-64歲的中年人進行線上問卷調查，共回收有效問卷201份。問卷內容包含個人基本資料及運動習慣、飲食頻率問卷(FFQ)、簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷(WHOQOL-BREF)、幸福指數量表。問卷資料以SPSS統計套裝軟體進行分析。 結果：本研究平均問卷受訪者年齡為52.5±5.1歲，在各類飲食類別中以蔬菜類與整體生活品質(自評健康狀態、心理範疇、社會關係)及幸福感呈現顯著差異，其中以56-64歲的族群較會選擇蔬菜及水果類的飲食；豆魚蛋肉類與生活品質中的社會關係亦呈現顯著差異；其餘類別飲食與生活品質及幸福感皆未達顯著差異。運動習慣部份與整體生活品質呈現顯著差異；與幸福感則未達顯著差異。 結論：研究結果顯示台灣地區中年人的運動習慣與整體生活品質存在相關性；蔬菜類飲食的攝取與整體生活品質及幸福感亦存在相關性。良好的飲食及運動習慣是最直接、安全和具有成本效益的一種健康策略，建議可做為中年人良好生活型態建立之參考，為健康老化做準備。
Background and Purpose：In recent years, with the factors such as economic growth, advances in medicine and improvements in the sanitation environment, people are living longer and population aging has become a common issue worldwide. If aging is an essential natural component of life, can people establish balanced diet and exercise habits early in life to achieve healthy aging, leading to a better quality of life and well-being? Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship of lifestyle(dietary and exercise habits) with quality of life and well-being for middle-aged in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was used in this study. Participants were adults aged 45-64 in Taiwan. The questionnaire survey took place on line from June 15, 2022 to September 30, 2022. A total of 201 valid questionnaires were returned. The questionnaires included basic personal information, exercise habits, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the short version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the personal well-being index. The questionnaire data were analyzed by using the SPSS statistical software package. Result: This study found that the average age of the questionnaire respondents was 52.5±5.1. There were significant differences in vegetable consumption and quality of life (self-rated health status, psychological domain and social relationships domain) and well-being. The group aged 56-64 tended to choose a diet rich in vegetables and fruits. There were also significant differences in the consumption of protein and the social relationships domain. However, there were no significant differences in the other dietary categories with respect to quality of life and well-being. Regarding exercise habits, there was a significant difference in quality of life, but none in well-being. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a correlation between exercise habits and quality of life among middle-aged in Taiwan. Furthermore, there is also a correlation between the consumption of vegetables and quality of life and well-being. Maintaining good dietary and exercise habits is a direct, safe, and cost-effective health strategy, which can be suggested as a reference to establish healthy lifestyle for middle-aged people and preparing for healthy aging. |
