Barr (1992)針對各種環保政策提出比較與評論，並分析各種污染管制方法的優缺點。由於各地方的環境背景與發展程度不一，因此，導致部分地方政府不遵行中央政府的政策，使得Barr(1992) 所提出的污染控制模式在應用上產生漏洞。本文的主要目的在檢視各地方政府如採取異於中央政府的政策時，對於各地方的環境與福利所產生的影響。本研究提出兩地方政府、兩部門模型，研究結果顯示：(1)兩地方政府都採取『零污染政策』會導致全國福利降低。(2)一地方政府採取『零污染政策』，另一地方政府採取『配合中央政府政策』，如果生產因素在兩地區可以充分移動，則採取『零污染政策』的地方會比採取『配合中央政府政策』的地方擁有較高的福利水準。但如果生產因素在兩地區不可以充分移動，則採取『零污染政策』的地方會比採取『配合中央政府政策』的地方有較低的就業量與工資水準，使得『零污染政策』的地方會有較低的社會福利。 Barr (1992) provides an overview on a variety of environmental policies and analyze the relative advantages of these pollution control instruments. Due to a variation of development and geography background across regions, local governments may adopt a conflicting policy against the central government. This paper attempts to examine the impacts of a conflicting policy adopted by local governments on the change of social welfare by employing a two-government two-sector model. The results suggest that (1) a conflicting policy adopted by the two governments may lead to reduction in social welfare, (2) In case of fully labor mobility across regions, the region adopting green policy have higher level of social welfare than the other region that accept the introduction of polluting industries, (3) on the contrary, the region that produces polluting products may have higher social welfare in case of factor immobility.
