| 摘要: | 由於人口老化，居家服務量增多，但是當前照顧人力流動率大，照顧人員替換率高。因居家照顧服務員遭受職業傷病而無法繼續服務，面臨服務提供單位無法立即提供居家服務，以及服務單位缺乏人力之窘境，因此，本研究所探討目的為居家照顧服務員遭受職業傷病之經驗、成因與如何因應。 本研究以文獻分析法蒐集照顧服務員及職業傷害等相關文獻資料，及國內外期刊論文、書籍、碩博士論文、政府出版品及各個相關網站等。另以半結構性深度訪談法，針對照顧服務員進行立意抽樣選擇進行訪談，抽樣基本上是從照顧服務員在工作上曾有傷害的為主。訪談對象為社團法人臺南市容愛關懷服協會居家照顧服務員及社團法人台南市家庭關懷協會居家照顧服務員。 受訪居家照顧服務員大都屬中高齡就業人口，因需幫個案移位，屬重度負重工作，易造成脊髓彎曲、膝蓋退化、大腿髖關節疼痛、腰部痠痛、手臂痠痛等狀況。幫個案移位而造成傷痛主因係個案體型肥胖過重，另個案不適合移位而進行移位亦會發生。另需提供被動性關節活動服務(如協助個案翻身拍背)，容易造成下背疼痛、肌肉痛，或是膝蓋、小腿部位酸痛、肩膀的不舒適等。而每天需至不同個案家提供居家服務過程中，為了節省時間騎快車而發生車禍。居家照顧服務員發生職業傷病後均對於受傷事實與減少工作量時減少經濟收入感到無奈；並主動與同事分享經驗，避免遭受到相同傷害。除非傷痛過於嚴重，將不致對生活與社交產生影響。 而居家照顧服務員遭受職業傷害後，仍繼續選擇從事照顧服務工作，主要是工作型態仍比較適合，無法有其他較適合工作可選擇。居家照顧服務員遭受職業傷病後，當傷病程度不影響生活作息時，均自行就醫；若嚴重時，則需親友協助，惟對對政府協助不抱指望，但需要時，政府與民間機構確實是有緊急救助機制提供申請。而服務提供單位通常能立即性的協助，並做後續工作接續的安排。 本研究建議政府能將居家服務交通路程納入服務時間內，以避免居家照顧服務員為簡省時間而騎快車發生車禍；居家服務提供於在職教育訓練課程時加重此部分課程，另可建立每年回訓制度，可提醒居家照顧服務員工作技巧之重要性。
Due to the aging population, the amount of home services is increasing. However the home services with high employees turnover rate now. Because the home care attendants suffered from occupational disease, they can’t sustain home care services. Face the situation that the service office unable to provide home care services immediately. Also the service office is the shortage of home care attendants. Therefore, this study researches the occupational disease experiences, causes and how to respond for the home care attendants. This study adopts document analysis to gather relative literatures, journals, books, PhD theses, government publications and websites to the home care attendants and occupational hazards. In this study, we adopts semi structured interview. We aimed at the home care attendants to purposive sampling. The samples are based on the home care attendants who had ever injuryed from work. Interviewees are home care attendants of Corp., Tainan Yung love home care attendant care services association and Corp., Tainan City Family Care Association. Home care attendants are almost the middle age and elderly age employed population. To help the client replace is a severe weight-bearing task. The home care attendants easily lead to scoliosis, knees degeneration, thigh hip pain, waist pain, and arms pain. To help the client displace causes hurt, because of the client is obese and overweight. To help the client who is not suitable to displace to displace also causes hurt. Providing passive range of motion exercises, easily bring about lower back pain, muscle pain, knees pain, calf pain, and shoulders discomfort. The home care attendants need to service different clients in their houses. To save time to drive fast occurs car accidents. Home care attendants felt helpless to injure and reduce the work and income after occuring occupational hazards. They actively shared the experience to colleagues to avoid the same hazards. Unless serious wound, it will not impact on life and social. |
