學習音樂是一個複雜的過程，必須花費許多時間和練習才能獲得基礎的音樂技巧，從20世紀上半年起，許多研究證實回饋用於學習各種複雜任務可提升學習成效，且 透過提供即時視覺回饋可解決傳統口頭教學的回饋延遲問題。節拍的掌握在爵士鼓練習過程中是非常重要的課題，然而近年來針對即時視覺回饋用於打擊樂器學習的 研究結果顯示，視覺回饋可改善響度（Loudness）的學習卻由於大量的視覺訊息產生了外在的認知負荷，進而阻礙了學習者對於時機（Timing）的掌 握。同時，過去文獻亦指出，音樂遊戲的視覺提示介面可引導玩家進行演奏，由此可知音樂遊戲對樂器學習的引導效果，基於上述理由，本研究以DTX Mania遊戲軟體提供視覺提示與視覺回饋來與傳統的視譜練習的學習模式比較，並探究視覺提示與視覺回饋對於爵士鼓打擊訓練之成效。此外視覺回饋應用於學 習之相關研究中，鮮少有進一步探討學習者個人因素之影響，故本研究採用VRAK學習風格探究有無視覺偏好的學習者對於有無提供視覺訊息於學習成效是否存在 顯著差異。研究結果發現：1.視覺提示與視覺回饋可以提升爵士鼓打擊訓練之成效。2.視覺偏好學習者於視覺提示與視覺回饋的學習環境中爵士鼓打擊訓練之成效更好。3.視覺提示與視覺回饋之學習環境有較低的認知負荷。4.視覺提示與視覺回饋之學習環境對於視覺偏好學習者有較低的認知負荷。 Learning music is a complex process that requires a lot of time and practice to get the basic musical skills. Since the first half of the 20th century, many studies have demonstrated that feedback is used to learn a variety of complex tasks to enhance the effectiveness of learning. By providing instant visual feedback, the problems of feedback delays in traditional oral teaching can be solved. Beat control is very important in practicing drums; however, the recent findings for instant visual feedback on the study of percussion show that visual feedback can improve the loudness learning. Yet a large number of visual information generates extraneous cognitive load, and further hinders learners’ control of timing. In addition, previous studies have also pointed out that the visual interface of video games may guide the players to perform. Therefore, the music video games can produce guidance effect on learning musical instruments. Based on these reasons, this study compares the visual feedback and visual cues provided by DTX Mania video games with the traditional music learning pattern. And further explore visual cues and visual feedback on the effectiveness of learning drums. In addition, of all the relevant researches about visual feedback and visual cues, there are few researches to further explore the impact of individual learners. Therefore, this study uses VRAK learning style to explore whether the learning effectiveness of visual learners is significant or not if the visual information is provided. The results are as follows:1. Visual cues and visual feedback may improve the effectiveness of drum training.2. Visual learners placed in an environment with rich visual feedback and visual cues have a more effective result on drum training.3. The learning environment of visual cues and visual feedback causes lower cognitive load. 4. Visual learners have lower cognitive load in the learning environment of visual feedback and visual cues.
