| 摘要: | 目前處理文化資產/工業遺址的模式，一部分打著「文化保存」的旗號面對轉型、觀光、活化、再生等等各種議題，卻本末倒置以商業觀點、經濟獲利的思維，進行各種環境改造。但在各種環境改造之下，如果改造者對於地景本身的特質不清楚，原有的地景特質就會在這樣的不清楚，為了「改造」而「改造」，流行什麼就用類似元素「複製」、「貼上」在各種地景上，這種完全沒有歷史脈絡支撐的空間改造模式就是一場空間浩劫，淪為一種文化被複製及拼湊。 糖廠產業是一龐大體系的組織與建構，周邊地區的農村地景、生產結構、農作方式及生活形態等等皆依附著糖業生產的脈絡，日常生活的重心及賴以生存的命脈。隨著政經結構的改變以及都市計畫、都市土地邏輯的引導下，區域的核心從原先以糖廠為中心到後來隨著關廠而解散。核心轉移至新興的城鎮發展下，重新牽引連結一套不同的脈絡，而蒜頭糖廠轉變成附屬，甚至是隨時可能被遺忘的角色。目前蒜頭糖廠轉而發展觀光，積極各種環境改造，如果只有表面的操作而沒有實質的精神內涵，是否意味著正在消滅蒜頭糖廠豐厚的文化歷史價值？因此，本研究抱持著「文化地景研究更是文化地景保育/活化與空間發展政策最根本的基礎」之態度，重新檢視及釐清過去對於文化資產/工業遺址處理的態度及手法的思維、迷思，回頭重新思索及詮釋其文化資產之本質內涵。 文化地景是人與空間產生的結果，並且無法單獨存在，必須將地景置於文化脈絡、政經、社會等實踐互動關係。因此，本研究之章節以「外部地景」、「內部空間」及「城鎮發展」三大面向之主軸發展，嘗試建構一套分析文化地景模式—地景圖說概念的描繪方法，尋覓長期文化積累表現於地景的某種內在秩序與邏輯。其討論主題將外部地景是由糖業脈絡影響整個蒜頭地區的地景樣貌所隱含社會與歷史涵構進行探討。蒜糖地區的外部地景脈絡下，解析其內部空間與人之間互動，引發出蘊含在空間之內的種種意涵、日常生活實踐、社會意義、支配的權力關係等等的詮釋、概念和意識，挖掘文化地景背後的多元聲音，建構詮釋其深厚的文化意涵。最後將蒜頭糖廠放回城鎮的紋理中，審視城鎮發展及蒜頭糖廠之間關係及互動。 最後，本研究透過地景為敘事體，深入理解其背後的衝撞與認知差異並解析其歷史觀點與象徵意義，詮釋以「人」為主體，提出文化地景研究是文化地景保育/活化與空間發展政策最根本的基礎、是一門整合性與跨學科的科學，有助於檢視台灣在政經過程下的產業發展與空間結構。
At present, the way which has regularly been used the “cultural conservation” of slogan might be carried the cultural properties/industrial heritages with transformation, tourism, vitality and regeneration. However, the commercial view and the thinking of economic profit that undertaking a variety of environment rebuilding by will put the cart before the horse. If the policy makers could not clearly understand the essential characteristic of landscape, they would transform the landscape for transformation, and even “copy” or “paste” to landscape by using similar elements of prevalence. Therefore, this way of spatial transformation without historical context is a great spatial calamity, and becomes a copied and pieced culture. The sugar industries are colossal organization and framework of system. In surrounding areas of sugar industries, the rural landscape, construction of production, farming practice and life style has deeply depended on production of sugar industries and core of daily life. The regional development core had been originally centered on sugar complex, but the change of politic-economic structure, guide of urban planning and logic of urban land use broke such composition with sugar complex closing down. The core which has been transferred to oncoming town space will reconnect a different set of context. However, Suan-tou Sugar Complex might be shifted to accessories, even be forgot in everyone’s memory at any moment. Up to now, Suan-tou Sugar Complex has been transformed to develop tourism and actively have all sorts of environment rebuilding. It has risen to widely discuss that while Suan-tou Sugar Complex just has exterior operation, but is lack of essential connotation, this imply decline itself cultural historical value. We argue that “cultural landscape is the most fundamental base studying conservation of cultural landscape and policies of spatial development”. Furthermore, it can help us to review and make clearer attitude and thinking of cultural properties/industrial heritages, and to learn to ponder and explain the essential connotation of cultural properties. The cultural landscape is the result which people and space both interact, and it can’t exist by itself. Therefore, the cultural landscape must be put in practical interaction of cultural context, politic-economics and society. This study attempts to structure an approach which could analyze “cultural landscape and describe concept of landscape via three main dimensions－“exterior landscape”, “interior space” and “development of town space”, in order to seek for chronic cultural deposition that present at certain interior cosmos and logic of landscape. We argued that interaction of interior space and human would make different sorts of interpretation of societal meaning, practice of daily life and hegemonic power, and dig out multiple voices behind the cultural landscape to structure thick cultural meanings. Eventually, Suan-tou Sugar Complex will be replaced into context of town space, and examined the development relation of town space and Suan-tou Sugar Complex. In conclusion, this article could deeply understand the impact and cognitive difference of landscape by using landscape for narrative, and then explain its historical view and symbolic meaning. We suggest that the studies of cultural landscape are foundation of cultural conservation/regeneration and policies of spatial development, and are integrated and inter-disciplinary science. It could be contributive review industrial development and spatial structure under politic-economic process in Taiwan. |
