醫療廢棄物的產生量不僅越來越龐大也日趨的複雜，並且其中更含有針頭、銳利刀具、病毒、細菌等危險物質，這對於醫院員工而言，醫療廢棄物將是潛在的危險。因此，醫院員工普遍認為，他們在意的是廢棄物對他們的傷害，而不是廢棄物對環境的污染。既然醫院員工所在意的是自身安全的保護，所以，瞭解員工對醫療廢棄物的風險知覺，進而如何改變員工對醫療廢棄物的風險知覺，將是值得探討的課題。 政府在許多有關健康行為的危害認知的宣導上，透過諸如電視、海報、單張小冊等方式以達到宣傳之效果。而對於醫療廢棄物而言，醫院給予員工醫療廢棄物相關知識的宣導，希望透過有關醫療廢棄物相關訊息的傳播管道的宣導，來影響醫院員工的風險知覺，其影響為何將是本論文所欲探究的。於是本論文針對嘉義地區三所區域醫院的員工，利用比例分層隨機抽樣，共抽取362位員工進行調查。並將回收後之資料，透過統計套裝軟體（SAS）進行資料分析。以瞭解醫院員工對醫療廢棄物的風險知覺為何？進而探討醫院員工在醫療廢棄物訊息來源（傳播管道）的接收情況，以及傳播管道對員工在醫療廢棄物的風險知覺影響為何？本研究結果為： 一、在不同年資及不同性別，對放射性廢棄物之風險知覺有顯著性差異。二、可利用因數空間圖來解釋醫院員工對醫療廢棄物風險知覺的高低。三、醫院員工在接收醫療廢棄物訊息之傳播管道主要來自於大眾傳播中的報紙、電視以及人際傳播中的同事等管道。四、不同單位的員工在獲得醫療廢棄物訊息的主要來源為：醫療人員經由師生之間的討論、護理人員在經由說明會以及同事；醫技人員經由雜誌以及單張小冊、行政人員經由報紙。此外，學歷為大學程度以上、以及性別為男性之員工主要經由雜誌以及報紙獲得醫療廢棄物訊息；而學歷為大學程度以上、以及性別為女性之員工主要是經由單張小冊獲得醫療廢棄物訊息。五、從報紙以及朋友接收過有關醫療廢棄物訊息的風險知覺得分較高。但從電視接收過有關醫療廢棄物訊息，其風險知覺得分卻較低。 根據前述研究發現，醫院管理單位應瞭解醫院中不同單位的員工對於醫療廢棄物之風險知覺，以作為醫院相關單位在管理醫療廢棄物上提供重要的政策指引。並可針對不同的對象採取不同的傳播管道，使員工對醫療廢棄物有更進一步的瞭解，進而影響或改變員工對醫療廢棄物的風險知覺。 The generation of medical waste has been increasing significantly recently and become a terrible job to dispose it as its composition has diversified and complicated. Therefore, hospital employee perceived more risky than ever before, and much concerned with the potential health loss than environmental damage arising from medical waste. Under such a circumstance, it is our attempt to understand employee risk perception with medical waste and consequently refer the results as control variables for environmental management in hospital. In general, governments release information about danger awareness through television, playbill, sheet, pamphlet, etc, to achieve the result of propaganda. Similarly, hospital managements will provide employee with related information to direct employee behavior. It is required to analyze the factors that affect employee risk perception and behavior. This is the main purpose of this thesis. Totally 362 samples were drawn out from employee in three regional hospital in Chia-yi by stratified sampling technique, data were analyzed by SAS. The major results include: (1) there are significant discrepancy of hospital employees’ seniority and sex in the risk perceptions of radioactive waste; (2) the risk perception of medical waste for medical employees can be explained by factor space diagram; (3) large proportion of hospital employees who got the medical waste signals of communication channels are mainly on newspaper, television (mass communication) and colleagues (interpersonal communication); (4) the key region of medical waste signals received by different section employees: Physicians from various specialties via the discussion between teachers and students; Nurses via seminars and colleagues; Technicians via magazines and newsletters; Administrations via newspaper. Male employees have higher than college degree via magazines and newspaper. While female employees have the same record via newsletters; (5) employees who got the medical waste signals from newspaper and friends have higher risk perception, but from television have lower risk perception. In the end of the study, the author suggest that hospital management should examine the relation between employee risk perceptions of medical waste in different departments, and take some measures to direct employee behavior by taking use of different communication channels. More information release with less barrier may reduce or affect employee risk perception and could be beneficial to administrative management.
