「建構」是個人用以觀看世界中事件及解釋事件的方法，透過看待病人的靈性狀態來呈顯出安寧病房之護理人員本身對靈性的內在建構，以深入瞭解其對靈性的知覺向度與豐富性，並根據建構系統之「分化性」與「統整性」為向度，分析16位參與本研究之護理人員對靈性的建構思考階段。 研究方法︰採取Kelly的個人建構理論（Personal Construct Theory；PCT）為研究典範，以個人建構理論發展之「三一比較法」（triadic methods）為研究方法；「建構詞錄方格」（repertory grids）為研究工具，進行建構式訪談。請研究參與者舉出在其從事安寧照顧的過程中，令其記憶深刻的五位「靈性」較有特色的病人，並依病人靈性狀態的差異將由五位中所選出之三位病人分成兩組，一組二人；另一組一人，並說明「三者中兩者相似且不同於第三者」的理由，進行至無其他理由或理由重複為止。 結果顯示：本研究參與者，經由「建構詞錄方格」所萃取之建構總數為341，平均數為21，功能獨立的建構數在5至22之間，平均數13。靈性建構之內涵分別是宗教信仰、家庭支持系統、面對死亡、面對疾病、意義價值、表達、人格特質、情緒狀態、自主性、身體心象、經濟狀況、歸屬、性別差異、年齡與其他等15類。分析16位安寧護理人員之階段為：類型I發展性思考，低「分化性」、低「統整性」，佔25％；類型II聚斂性思考，低「分化性」、高「統整性」，25％；類型III擴散式思考，高「分化性」、低「統整性」，19％；類型IV聚向性思考，高「分化性」、高「統整性」，31％。 Hospice nurses’ personal constructs of patients’ spirituality are the “lens” nurses use to judge their patients’ spiritual well-beings. These constructs could also be indicative of nurses’ level spirituality. This study aimed to explore the dimensions and constructs of patients’ spirituality (COPS) of hospice nurses. Through the application of the Personal Construct Psychology and in-depth interview, constructs and dimensions of spirituality were explored. Methods: We interviewed 16 hospice nurses using the triad methods developed by G. Kelley. Each nurse first identified 5 patients with salient spirituality status. Then, at each of 10 comparisons, 3 patients were listed for the nurse to divide into two groups. Difference between the two groups and reasons of such division were recorded as the COPS. Results: A total of 341 constructs within 21 construct dimensions were found in the present research. An average of 13 constructs and 15 construct dimensions were provided. Religious affiliation/identification, quality of family support, the peacefulness of dying process, illness cognition, and personality are the constructs most often stated. Based on the construct “diversity” and “integration”, 16 hospice nurses were classified into one of the following four groups: “development”, “convergent”, “expansion”, and “transcend”. Implications of educational needs and spiritual care were discussed.
