台中縣霧峰鄉肢體障礙者之居住問題

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Title:	台中縣霧峰鄉肢體障礙者之居住問題
Other Titles:	Residential Issues for Physically Handicapped In Wufeng Hsiang of Taichung County
Authors:	陳惠玲 Chen, Hui-ling
Contributors:	環境與藝術研究所魏光莒;陳怡伶 Kuan-chu Wei;Yi-ling Chen
Keywords:	台中縣;居住問題;霧峰鄉;肢體障礙者
Date:	2004
Issue Date:	2015-07-02 16:01:49 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	隨著年齡增長以及障礙而形成的身體機能的降低，使人在視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、觸覺、味覺等感官，與體力、記憶力、應變能力、精神能力產生減退。這些身體上與精神上的變化，使生活行為的對應能力變遲鈍。總有一天任何人都有可能是因為高齡或其他因素而使有身體障礙似的，對於無障礙空間的需求並非現有的高齡者或身體障礙者，而是未來每個人都會遇到的情形，所以無障礙空間的設計是必須且急迫的。　　　「台中縣霧峰鄉肢體障礙者之居住問題」是本研究主題，最直接呈現的就是「肢體障礙者」涉及「殘障福利」，和「居住問題」涉及「無障礙環境」即為本研究主要的切入角度。　　　第一章提及採用的研究方法為質化研究，透過訪談，對受訪者做深入之觀察與了解，希望透過在地人的經驗與觀點得到「活生生的經驗」，並聽聽最底層的聲音。從中創造意義，藉由真實的聲音，強調內在的特殊性。　　　第二章則蒐集國內外關於「殘障福利」與「無障礙環境」方面的文獻，他山之石，可以攻錯，藉由他人不同角度的切入點和研究成果，提供不同方向的思考與激盪。　　　第三章則由「肢體障礙者」涉及「殘障福利」，和「居住問題」涉及「無障礙環境」中，分別提出身心障礙者之福利政策與住宅政策之相關研究，希望透過政策回顧，以了解政策的演變、照顧層面以及不足之處。　　　第四章則進行「身心障礙者與無障礙環境之意義與沿革」，探討肢體障礙者之居住問題前，必須先對何謂身心障礙者與無障礙環境有一基本認識，方能進一步探討後續問題。　　　第五章則是訪問身障者福利服務之相關單位：霧峰鄉公所，與社團法人組織：台中縣殘障福利協進會，了解社會資源提供何種幫助與如何協助身心障礙者，以期了解社會上的資源運用情形。　　　第六章是訪談資料，是本研究主要探討之章節。訪談對象以台中縣霧峰鄉肢體障礙者為主角，訪談範圍包括一、身體健康方面。二、心理調適方面。三、住宅問題方面。四、居住環境方面。五、就業與經濟方面等五大方面，同時也並透過各種問題進一步提出我的想法。　　　最後一章之結論與建議，自我認同方面，身障者除了要面對本身身心障礙的問題，還要接受社會如何對待他們的方式，相當於雙重的考驗。住屋環境方面，身障者如能住在合適的房屋中，將能提高身障者自我照顧的能力，減低依賴他人的程度。就業與經濟問題上，許多雇主多採約雇制，並不保障工作穩定性與平等之升遷機會。社會福利方面，政府有責任幫助身障者購買、建造、租賃房屋，將身障者的需求，納在社會福利的計劃中。良好的社會福利應是身障者有尊嚴的受到妥善的照顧，並讓身障者有參與社會事務的機會，真正的成為社會的一份子。　　With the increase of age and obstacles that lower the physical mechanisms, it will lessen one’s vision, hearing, olfaction, sense of touch, sense of taste, physical strength, memory, adaptability to changes, and mentality, all of which are changes in physical and mental aspects that may retard one’s response in behavior of life. Any one of us may face the issue of physical obstacle due to aging or other factors one day. Not only do those elders or physically handicapped but also each one of us would face a demand on non-obstacle space. A design of non-obstacle space is indispensable and emergent.　　　“Issue of Residence for Physically handicapped In Wufeng Hsiang of Taichung County” is the topic of this study, with its direct presentation of “physically handicapped” related to issue of “handicapped’s welfare” and “residential issue” related to “non-obstacle environment” to be the major in-depth issues for this study.　　　Qualitative research is adopted in this study that it conducts in-depth observation and understanding for those interviewees, in hope of obtaining the “living experiences” through locals’ experience and point of view as well as listening voices from those at the lower level from which significance is created and the innate specific is emphasized through true voices.　　　Chapter Two in this study is about a collection of literatures related to “handicapped’s welfare” and “non-obstacle environment” from both domestic and foreign resources which works at offering different aspects of thinking and brainstorming through different angles of incisive points and research outcomes from others.　　　For “physically handicapped” related to issue of “handicapped’s welfare” and “residential issue” related to “non-obstacle environment” in Chapter Three of this study, it brings up relevant research with regard to handicapped’s welfare policy and residential policy respectively, in hope of making a good grasp of change of policy, aspect for care and insufficient points through a retrospect of policy.　　　In Chapter Four of this study, the issue about “meaning and evolution for physically and mentally handicapped and non-obstacle environment” aims to bring on basic concept and understanding about “physically and handicapped people” and “non-obstacle environment” prior to delving into the issue of residence for physically handicapped, thus being able to explore into subsequent related issues.　　　In Chapter Five of this study, administrative units concerned were also interviewed, including Wufeng Administration Office and Taichung County Handicapped Welfare Association, a corporation, so as to gain an understanding of the employment of social resources.　　　For an aspect of the major exploration and discussion, it presents the interviewed data and information in Chapter Six of this study. Physically handicapped living in Wufeng Hsiang of Taichung County are those interviewed subjects for this study, with the scope of interview covering: 1. Physical health; 2. Mental accommodation; 3. Issue of residence; 4. Residential environment; and 5. Employment and economy. Furthermore, bring up my views in response to each issue.　　　For conclusion and suggestions in the last chapter, not only do physically handicapped must face issue about physical and mental limitations but also one about how the society treat them that pose double ordeals. In the aspect of living environment, it may help enhance physically handicapped’s self-care ability and lower their degree of reliance on others if they can live in suitable residence. With regard to issues about employment and economy, many employers practice hired contractual system that might not mean a guarantee for a stability of job and equal opportunity for promotion. In social welfare, government is liable for assisting physically handicapped in purchasing, building and renting houses as well as putting physically handicapped’s demands into the social welfare plans. Sound social welfare shall mean appropriate and satisfactory care for physically handicapped with esteem as well as their opportunity to participate in social affairs that enable them to become one part of the society.
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