歐盟層次社會對話開始於1985年，由當時的執委會主席傑克戴洛舉辦第一次的「瓦度榭社會對話」，開始了歐體第一次的跨產業社會對話，參與的社會夥伴有歐洲工會聯合會、歐洲產業與雇主聯合會以及歐洲公營企業中心，這三個工會及雇主組織也是目前跨產業社會對話主要的的社會夥伴代表。另外，個別產業社會對話委員會於1998年正式成立，目前共有30個個別產業社會對話委員會。 筆者試圖了解這個經濟共同體內的社會對話制度之發展，而這個對話制度又能發揮多大的功效，來影響歐盟的社會政策，以及歐盟區域內的勞工及雇主的利益。本文企圖觀察下列現象：歐盟層次的社會夥伴是否真的能夠在此對話機制下，得到充分的發揮；而歐盟機構，尤其是執委會及理事會，是否真的像他們自己所言，給予社會夥伴高度的重視；以及社會對話制度是否能有效地影響歐盟之社會政策。 本文結論發現，儘管有時歐盟、工會及雇主團體之間的立場是衝突的，但不影響社會對話對歐盟整合的正面意義。另外，跨產業層次社會對話能「廣化」議題的發展，加上個別產業委員會的行動，更可「深化」各個產業在相關議題的涉入程度，在跨產業及個別產業社會對話的交互作用下，可確實拉近歐盟會員國之社會規範及政策。 The first cross-industry social dialogue of European level in 1985 is held by Jacques Delors President of European Union Commission. We usually call this kind of dialogue as “Val Duchesse Social Dialogue”. The three main social partners who participate in the social dialogue are European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), Union of Industrial and Employers’ Confederation of Europe (UNICE) and European Centre of Enterprises with Public Participation and of Enterprises of General Economic Interest (CEEP). Now, these organizations are the most important participator of cross-industry social dialogue. The European Commission established sectoral social dialogue committees in 1998 and there’re 30 committees completed. The purpose of this thesis is trying to analyze that how the social dialogue institutions can develop successfully in such economic community and how it influences of EU social policies and the interests of trade unions and employers’ confederations in EU. This thesis attempts to answer these questions below. Whether social partners can promote their ideals and realize them well? For EU institution, especially for Commission and Council, whether they really regard these social partners seriously as they have announced? The most important of all is whether the social dialogue institution can influence effectively? Finally, I fund that although there are many conflicts between EU, trade unions and employers’ confederations, these social dialogues have positive efficacy for EU social integration. The cross-industry social dialogue responds in enlarging dialogue issues and it makes social partners involve various issues which have never been take part in. And sectoral social dialogue committees are responsible for deepening social partners’ function in every single industry according to their own necessities. The enlargement and deepening of social dialogue issues can integrate and close EU members’ social regulations and policies.
