「自養其身」老年社區之理念與實踐以埔里菩提長青村為個案

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 人文學院 > 生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班) > 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班 > Item 987654321/22293

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题名:	「自養其身」老年社區之理念與實踐以埔里菩提長青村為個案
其它题名:	The Idea and Practrice of the Independent elder Communitty--A Case Study on the Bodhi Evergreen Village of Puli,Taiwan
作者:	陳倩姿 Chen, Chaen-tzu
貢獻者:	生死學研究所蔡源林 Yuan-lin Tsai
关键词:	自主性;老人產業;老人安養;老年社區 senior community;autonomous;elder care;senior industry
日期:	2006
上传时间:	2015-08-04 09:55:57 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究緣起於921地震後，埔里菩提長青村對高齡者的照顧模式：該社區居民免費入住並互助分工加入生產工作。民國89年長青村成立時，居民平均年齡75歲，六年後大都已超過80歲，一部分老人仍持續工作，社區也維持對居民免費照顧。為此，本研究以該社區為基地，試圖理解菩提長青村運作模式及晚年移居的調適情形和持續工作對老人的意義，以期能回答兩個問題：(一)建立老人獨立、自主、互助的社區運作模式為何? (二) 社區老人對於參與生產工作的評價和自我感受。　　　為達成此目的，本研究蒐集老年相關的心理、社會理論，分析國內外有關老年照顧社區發展的模式及安養實例，同時對菩提長青村進行長期之觀察及訪談，從該社區的環境、生活常規、居民對工作交換共生的感受，到社會與社區的互動及內部的運作管理方式等進行研究。　　　為有系統分析菩提長青村的環境空間、運作模式和居民的內在感受，並與已存的老年理論及社區制度作比較，研究者發現藉用Ken Wilbe的「四大象限全階序」的分類方式，以集體外在(社會象限)、集體內在(社群象限)、個體外在(行為象限)，個體內在(意向象限)為論文結構，能夠有系統的整合並歸納分析上述的複雜情況。研究發現，長青村的居民在菩提長青村營運模式中，獲得經濟、安全、生活、情感及自我實現需求的滿足。社區（該模式）在老人照顧理念、環境設施及生活管理的實踐上和多項老年社會理論及目前各國政府在推動的「在地老化」、「由社區照顧」及「照顧住宅」的理論契合。對於解決安養的問題，政策上應多元的思考，並優先關注家庭無法支持的老人，設置「自養其身」的環境以減低家庭及社會的負擔。　　　除了建構出社區老人互助照顧的產業模式外，菩提長青村所揭露的價值在於促進移居老人的社區意識，並提供讓老人能夠自主、獨立的環境，老人自覺有用的心理，有助於提昇安養品質。受限於研究的範圍，希望本研究能為建立自養其身的老年社區投石問路，對未來進一步的研究及應用提供初步的建議。　　This research originates from the elderly care model of the Bodhi Evergreen Village set up in Puli after the 921 Earthquake. Residents moved in this community free of charge. They help each other, divide labor in a cooperative manner and participate in productive works. When the Village was set up in 2000, the average age of the residents was 75. Six years later, most of them are over 80. Some of them keep working. The community still provides care to its residents free of charge. This research is based on the mentioned community, tries to interpret its operational model, elders' adaptation to move late in life, and the meaning of continuing work for elders in order to answer two questions: 1. How to build an operational model for an independent, autonomous and cooperative senior community? 2. How the community elders evaluate and what they feel about participating in productive works.　　　To achieve this goal, the research has collected elder-related psychological and social theories, analyzed domestic as well as international models of the development of senior care communities and examples of elder care, conducted a long-term observation and interviews towards the Bodhi Evergreen Village, and by so means studied its community environment, daily disciplines, how its residents feel about trading work for a communal living style, the interaction between the society and the community and the operational model and management method inside the community. 　　　In order to analyze the environment, the operational model and the residents' inner feelings of the Bodhi Evergreen Village systematically and make a comparison with pre-existed gerontology theories and community systems, the researcher discovered that by applying Ken Wilber’s ＂AQAL＂ philosophy to structure the thesis around four categories: (1) Quadrant ＂Its＂ Exterior-Collective (Social), (2) Quadrant ＂We＂ Interior-Collective (Cultural), (3) Quadrant ＂It＂ Exterior-Individual (Behavioral), and (4) Quadrant ＂I＂ Interior-Individual (Intentional) can actually integrate, induce and analyze the above-mentioned complicated issue in a systematic manner.　　　The researchers discovered that within the operation of the Bodhi Evergreen Village, the residents have gained satisfaction in regards to financial independence, security, daily life, emotions and a sense of self-accomplishment. The Village is compatible with several social gerontology theories and the ideas of ＂aging in place＂, ＂care by the community＂ and ＂sheltered housing / assisted living＂ promoted by the government in terms of caring ideas, environment and facilities, and the practice of life management. Concerning the issue of nursing elders, policies should give priority attention to those whose family is unable to support them and set up a independent environment to alleviate the family and the society's burden.　　　Apart from establishing an industry model for a mutual help senior community, the Bodhi Evergreen Village has revealed the values of promoting community awareness among migrating seniors and offering its residents an autonomous and independent environment. The Village has given the elders a sense of being useful, which is helpful for improving nursing quality. Limited by the research scope, the research wishes to explore the possibilities for ＂establishing a independent senior community＂ and lay foundations for further studies and applications in the future.
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