背景與目的： 研究發現，健康危險因子大都歸於不當的生活型態，透過體質調養方式，健康行為的增進，使身體達到平和狀態，才能減少疾病的發生。目前健康促進理念雖落實於校園的推廣，但針對教師提升個人健康促進生活型態與體質相關探討甚少。而本研究目的在初步了解小學教師不同人口學特性之健康促進生活型態與中醫體質有顯著不同及顯著相關，研究結果希可作為探討小學教師健康促進及中醫體質研究方向之參考。 材料與方法：本研究採橫斷式研究設計，於2015年1月至3月間以嘉義市某國民小學20歲以上的小學教師為收案對象，收案人數共計92人。研究工具採結構式問卷，包含基本資料、健康促進生活型態簡式量表、中醫體質量表三大部分。資料分析以SPSS統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計分析。 研究結果：針對問卷調查所得到的結果發現，(1)小學教師的健康促進生活型態簡式量表得分以「自我實現」及「營養」兩層面得分較高，「運動」與「健康責任」兩層面得分較低；(2)小學教師平和體質約占30%，約有50%的人具有兩種以上的偏頗體質，其中最容易出現氣虛、陽虛與痰濕三種偏頗體質型態；(3)小學教師健康促進生活型態簡式量表得分與平和體質得分呈現正相關，與偏頗體質得分多為負相關。 結論：在小學教師健康促進生活之養成應特別注意以運動層面及健康責任的部分，且各種類型之體質在健康促進生活型態六大層面中個別有其顯著相關，藉由養成良好的運動習慣，辦理相關促進健康之講座等，與中醫體質觀念相輔相成能助於自我的健康管理，若能適時將二者運用於校園中，不僅能提升教學上的品質更有助於教師的健康促進，其探討之結果也可作為日後相關研究之參考。 Background and Purpose: Studies have showed that most health risk factors are attributed to improper lifestyles. Physical recuperation and health promotion have been shown to be effective in achieving a balanced state and reduce the incidence of disease. At present, although the implementation of health promotion concepts has been introduced into schools, however there are few studies that have investigated the promotion and enhancement of teachers’ healthy lifestyle and physical health in relation to body constitution. The purpose of this study is to understand elementary school teachers of different demographic characteristics in relation to the promotion of healthy lifestyles and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution. It is presumed that different lifestyles are significantly related to the TCM Constitution. The findings can be used as a reference for research on the health promotion for primary school teachers and the TCM Constitution. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. Data was collected between January and March 2015 at an elementary school in Chiayi City. The subjects were elementary school teachers over 20 years of age. The total number of subjects was 92. Three structured questionnaires were used to collect data: basic information, the Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile short scale (HPLP-S), and the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ). SPSS statistical software package for descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results obtained for the survey found that (1) in the elementary school teachers’ Health Promoting Lifestyle Short Scale, higher scores for ＂self-realization＂ and ＂nutrition＂, and lower scores for ＂sports＂ and ＂health responsibility＂, were obtained; (2) Elementary school teachers’ gentleness body constitution (BC) accounted for about 30%, and about 50% of subjects belonged to two or more abnormal BC types. The most common types were qi-deficiency, yang-deficiency, and phlegm-wetness; (3) Elementary school teachers’ Health Promoting Lifestyle Short Scale scores showed a positive correlation with gentleness constitution and a negative correlation with abnormal constitution. Conclusion:In the establishment of HPLP for elementary school teachers, particular attention should be paid to “physical activity” and “responsibility for health”. The nine types of TCM constitution have a significant correlation with the six individual HPLP criteria. Developing good exercise habits and organizing health-related seminars in combination with understanding the concepts of TCM constitution can be helpful and complementary to self-health management. Timely application of these factors into the establishment of HPLP in schools would not only improve the quality of teaching and learning, but also help in the promotion of teachers’ health. These results can be used as a reference for future related research.
