台灣藍染藝術溯源與推廣之探討

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Title:	台灣藍染藝術溯源與推廣之探討
Other Titles:	The Research of Origin and Promotion of Indigo Arts in Taiwan
Authors:	賴智潔 LAI, CHIH-CHIEH
Contributors:	視覺與媒體藝術學系江美英 CHIANG, MEI-YIN
Keywords:	藍靛;藍染;藍染藝術;植物染;天然染料 indigo dye;indigo dyeing;indigo dyeing art;plant dyeing;natural dy
Date:	2016
Issue Date:	2017-12-08 14:55:56 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	中國藍染藝術悠久，有文獻記載始於北魏賈勰「齊民要術」。台灣藍染藝術起源於17世紀末，荷蘭佔據台灣時期，引進藍草種植取藍染原料，謀取貿易利益。明末鄭成功擊退荷蘭，統治開發台灣，大陸移民來台，帶來藍靛工藝技術，台灣開始有了藍染。　　明清時期大陸各項手工業技術進步興盛，交通發達運輸方便，沿海各省對外貿易日盛，台灣與大陸之間來往頻繁。據十七世紀（清乾隆初年）黃叔璥「臺海使槎錄」提到，台灣輸出至大陸多項貿易中已包括藍染料，顯見自18世紀起台灣栽種藍草製造藍靛染料，已成爲台灣早期開發的重要產業之一。　　筆者從「藍染藝術」技巧著手，研究天然植物染中藍染工藝製造過程與工序。探討相關在台灣藍染興相關資料，藉由前人的經驗希望能找出藍染新生命，讓「藍」不只是工藝也是藝術，以嶄新面貌再度呈現它的風采，讓我們中國古老藍染藝術得以傳承。　　在研究過程中得到的結論如下：一、經由文獻分析，瞭解台灣藍染的起源與發展。二、透過政府輔導與支持，使藍染工藝持續傳承不致式微。三、現代藍染與文創結合，讓藍染有更多的發展空間。四、合成染料對大自然造成的污染，推廣天然染料可改善環境。　　The ancient documentation of the art of Chinese indigo dyeing process can actually be dated back to “Qimin Yaoshu” by Jia Xie in the Northern Wei Dynasty, while the indigo dyeing art originated at the end of the XVII Century in Taiwan, during the Deutsch occupation as they introduced the indigo plant species to extract the raw materials for indigo dyeing, seeking for profits from the commercialization. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Koxinga defeated the Deutsch and established his ruling in Taiwan. Along with the immigrants from Mainland China, the art-craft technique of indigo dyeing was finally introduced in Taiwan.　　Indigo dyeing has a long history. In the Ming and Qing Dynasty, the handicraft industry flourished in Mainland China, while the transportation was convenient, resulting in the increase maritime trading of all the coastal provinces with the abroad as well as the trading between Taiwan and China. According to Huang Shujiang's “Taihai Shichalu” (early Qing Qianlong reign) in the XVII Century, among the many exported items from Taiwan towards Mainland China, indigo dye was one of them, which clearly showed that the plantation of the indigo plants to manufacture indigo dye from the XVIII Century was already one of the key industries in the early development of Taiwan.　　Starting from “indigo dyeing arts”, this study compiled the manufacturing process of indigo dyeing with natural dye so as to explore the rise and fall of the indigo dye in Taiwan. From the predecessors' experiences, it was hoped to find the new life of the indigo dye as it is not merely a craft but also art. Its charm has been presented again with another appearance with the hope to inherit the Chinese ancient indigo dyeing art.　　The following were the conclusions of the study: 1. After literature review, the study learned about the origin and development of indigo dyeing in Taiwan. 2. Through the government's assistance and support, the indigo dyeing handcraft will not decline. 3. Spaces for the further development of indigo dyeing is created due to the integration of modern indigo dyeing techniques and cultural creativity. 4. The pollution caused by synthetic dyes to the environment; the promotion of the use of natural dyes may improve the current condition.
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