| 摘要: | 檢視有關臺灣通訊產業之文獻，多探討行動通訊服務業之效率，但受評單位數量少，不易找出整體效率前緣，且欠缺對手機製造業相對經營效率研究資料。因此，本研究以2003-2006年期間臺灣上市上櫃之16家手機製造業廠商爲樣本，運用賣料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)與Malmquist生產力指數(Malmquist Productivity Indices, MPI)來衡量廠商技術效率與生產力變動情形，提供廠商對後續經營效率改善的參考。研究結果顯示，廠商各年度技術效率平均值以鴻海0.908、華寶0.870、廣達0.776分列前三名，表現最優；至於大霸0.188表現最差。廠商各年度總平均生產力變動指數(Total Factor Productivity, TFP)爲1.036，顯示產業生產力總平均成長3.6%，其生產力基於技術變動率成長；平均值以華寶、仁寶、鴻海、宏達電呈現成長，英業達持平，其餘各廠商均呈現衰退。另依技術效率與技術變動效率比較，可將產業發展劃分四大類型，其中高成長與高效率類型較具競爭力，計有華寶、英華達、仁寶、鴻海、英業達；而低成長與低效率類型競爭力相對最弱，表示該類型廠商需同時改善生產力與技術效率，以提升產業競爭力，計有明基、華冠、光竇、華碩、大霸、啓基、緯創、神達、楠梓電。
Majority of previous studies on cell-phone industry in Taiwan were focus on the efficiency of cell-phone service sector, rarely on the relative technical efficiency and productivity vicissitude of the cell-phone manufacturers. This research applied Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Indices to study the compiled data during the period of 2003-2006 from 16 marketed cell-phone manufacturers for evaluating their technical efficiency and productivity vicissitude. This result may serve as improvement references for the management efficiency. The findings of this research show that Foxconn Electronics with average value 0.908, Compal Communications with 0.870, and Quanta Computer with 0.776 rank the top three manufacturers for the best technological efficiency. On the other hand, DBTEL Incorporated. Inc. with 0.188 is in the poorest performance, The total average proddcio6 variation indices (TFP) of manufacturers is 1.036, showing 3.6% a total average growth in terms of industry productivity, and the productivity is based on the growth of technological change rate; the average. value show the growth, whose manufacturers are Compal Communications, Compal electronics, Foxconn Electronics Inc and High Tech Computer; Nventec still keeps the same past; however, the rest manufactures are on the decline. Compared with technological efficiency and technological change efficiency, we can divide the industry development into four major types. For high growth and high efficiency type representing being most competitive, they are Compal Communications, Inventec Appliance Corporation, Compal electronics. Foxconn Electronics Inc, and Nventec; Nevertheless, low growth and low efficiency types representing being relatively the weakest in competitiveness, and indicating such types of manufacturers require improvements in both productivity and technological efficiency so that they are able to increase competitiveness in industry, and they are Qisda Corporation, Arima Communications, LiteOn Technology, ASUSTeK Computer, DBTEL Incorporated, Wistron NeWeb, Wistron Corporation, MITAC Technology Corporation and Wus Printed Circuit. |
